Définition de l’angle de vision de l’affichage LED

The viewing angle of an LED display refers to the range of angles from which the screen can be comfortably and clearly viewed without a significant decrease in image quality or color accuracy. In other words, it indicates the maximum angle at which a viewer can watch the screen while still perceiving the displayed content accurately and without any visual distortions.

As LED displays have become increasingly prevalent in various applications such as televisions, computer monitors, digital signage, and mobile devices, understanding and optimizing the viewing angle have become crucial factors in delivering a satisfying visual experience to the users.

To fully grasp the concept of viewing angle in LED displays, it is essential to delve into the technology and principles underlying LED display (en anglais seulement)and their optical properties.

1. Principes de base des affichages à LED :

LED stands for Light-Emitting Diode, and it is a semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current passes through it. In an LED display, thousands or even millions of individual LEDs are grouped together to form pixels. Each pixel typically consists of three sub-pixels (red, green, and blue) that can produce various colors when they emit light at different intensities. These pixels are arranged in a matrix to form the complete display panel.

2. Impact sur la qualité de l’image :

When viewing an LED display from the front (perpendicular to the panel's surface), the observer receives the maximum radiant intensity from the LEDs, resulting in optimal image quality. However, as the viewer moves away from the center, the angular dependence of LED emission becomes apparent, and the observed brightness decreases. Additionally, the color and contrast may also change, leading to reduced image quality and, potentially, color shifts.

3. Mesure des angles de vue :

The viewing angle of an outdoor or affichage LED d’intérieur is typically measured in two directions: horizontal and vertical. The two angles define the cone within which the screen can be viewed with an acceptable image quality.

• - Angle de vision horizontal : il s’agit de l’angle maximal auquel l’écran peut être vu du côté gauche ou droit tout en conservant une qualité d’image acceptable.
• - Angle de vision vertical : il s’agit de l’angle maximal auquel l’écran peut être vu de haut ou de bas tout en conservant une qualité d’image acceptable.

Manufacturers often provide specifications for viewing angles based on the points where the brightness or color deviation reaches a certain threshold, such as 50% or 10%, from the optimal center view.  

4. Facteurs influençant les angles de vue :

Several factors influence the viewing angle characteristics of LED displays:

• - Technologie LED : Le type de LED utilisé dans l’écran affecte son angle de vue. Différentes technologies LED, telles que les LED à vision directe, les LED à éclairage latéral et les OLED, ont des modèles d’émission angulaires différents.
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• - Structure et disposition des pixels : la disposition et la disposition des pixels jouent un rôle dans la détermination des caractéristiques de l’angle de vue. Par exemple, certains écrans peuvent utiliser des dispositions ou des technologies spéciales pour améliorer les angles de vue.
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• - Construction du panneau : La conception et la construction du panneau d’affichage lui-même peuvent avoir un impact sur les angles de vue. Des facteurs tels que le matériau du substrat et la présence de couches optiques supplémentaires (par exemple, des polariseurs) peuvent affecter la façon dont la lumière est émise et transmise.
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• - Compensation de l’angle de vision : Les fabricants peuvent utiliser des techniques telles que les revêtements antireflets ou les films optiques pour améliorer les angles de vision et réduire les reflets, en particulier dans des conditions extérieures ou de forte luminosité ambiante.
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• - Taille de l’écran : La taille de l’écran peut influencer la perception des angles de vue. Les écrans plus grands peuvent avoir des caractéristiques angulaires légèrement différentes en raison de leur surface totale.
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• - Contenu et qualité de l’image : le type de contenu affiché et sa résolution peuvent influencer la façon dont les utilisateurs perçoivent les angles de vue. Un contenu de haute qualité peut sembler plus cohérent sous un plus large éventail d’angles.

5. Types d’angles de vue :

Understanding the different types of viewing angles helps assess the quality of an LED display for specific applications:

- Wide viewing angle: This implies that the display can be viewed comfortably from a broad range of angles without significant loss in image quality. Wide viewing angles are essential for applications where the audience may be scattered or where multiple viewers are watching the screen simultaneously.

- Narrow viewing angle: A narrow viewing angle means that the display's image quality degrades significantly when viewed from off-center positions. This type of display is suitable for applications where a limited audience views the screen from a fixed location, reducing the risk of unintended viewers observing distorted content.

- Vertical versus horizontal viewing angles: LED displays often have different vertical and horizontal viewing angles. For instance, a display may have a wide horizontal viewing angle for better side-to-side visibility in a public display, while having a more limited vertical viewing angle to protect the content's privacy.

6. Comment choisir le bon angle de vue ?

At present, the viewing angles of most LED display manufacturers are unified. For a high-quality LED display product, the larger the viewing angle, the fewer blind spots, and the better the viewing effect of the audience from different angles.
 

• - Petit lieu de rencontre, recommandé : horizontal 60-90 degrés, vertical 60 degrés
• - Grands lieux de réunion, recommandés : 90-160 degrés, plus de 90 degrés verticalement
• - Pour les très grandes salles de conférence, il est recommandé de : 160 à 180 degrés horizontalement et plus de 90 degrés verticalement
• - Concert en salle, recommandé : horizontal 90-120 degrés, vertical 60 degrés
• - Concert en plein air, recommandé : horizontal 120-160 degrés, vertical 60-90 degrés

Conclusion

The viewing angle of an indoor or affichage LED extérieur is a critical factor in determining the user experience and the display's suitability for various applications. Understanding the underlying principles and trade-offs involved in achieving different viewing angles can help users and manufacturers make informed decisions about selecting and optimizing LED displays for specific purposes. Advancements in LED technology and display engineering continue to push the boundaries of viewing angles, ensuring that users can enjoy vibrant and clear content from a wide range of positions.

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